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M.Tech. Cyber Security - NFAT Mock Test

NFAT Entrance Exam Mock Test for M.Tech. Cyber Security 2025

Technical Subjects (60 Questions)

1. Which protocol ensures secure communication over a computer network by using encryption?

A) HTTP
B) HTTPS
C) FTP
D) SNMP

2. What is the purpose of the ARP protocol in a network?

A) Assign static IP addresses
B) Encrypt data packets
C) Map IP addresses to MAC addresses
D) Route packets between networks

3. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing and forwarding packets?

A) Network Layer
B) Transport Layer
C) Data Link Layer
D) Application Layer

4. What is the primary function of an operating system's kernel?

A) Managing user interfaces
B) Managing system resources
C) Running application software
D) Providing network services

5. Which scheduling algorithm selects the process with the shortest next CPU burst?

A) First-Come, First-Served
B) Round Robin
C) Shortest Job Next
D) Priority Scheduling

6. What is a deadlock in operating systems?

A) A situation where processes wait indefinitely for resources
B) A process running out of memory
C) A process completing its execution
D) A system crash due to hardware failure

7. Which data structure operates on the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle?

A) Queue
B) Stack
C) Linked List
D) Binary Tree

8. What is the time complexity of searching an element in a balanced binary search tree?

A) O(n)
B) O(n log n)
C) O(log n)
D) O(n²)

9. Which sorting algorithm is known for its best-case time complexity of O(n)?

A) Bubble Sort
B) Quick Sort
C) Merge Sort
D) Heap Sort

10. In x86 assembly, which instruction moves data from one register to another?

A) ADD
B) MOV
C) CMP
D) JMP

11. What does the 'PUSH' instruction do in assembly language?

A) Pops data from the stack
B) Increments the stack pointer
C) Places data onto the stack
D) Clears the stack

12. In C++, what is the keyword used to define a class?

A) class
B) struct
C) object
D) interface

13. In Python, which method is used to initialize an object's attributes?

A) __init__()
B) __new__()
C) __start__()
D) __create__()

14. In Java, which keyword is used to inherit a class?

A) implements
B) super
C) extends
D) inherit

15. What is the primary key in a relational database?

A) A unique identifier for a record
B) A field that can be null
C) A foreign key in another table
D) A duplicate record identifier

16. Which SQL command is used to retrieve data from a database?

A) INSERT
B) SELECT
C) UPDATE
D) DELETE

17. What does DNS stand for in the context of internet technology?

A) Data Network Service
B) Digital Naming System
C) Domain Name System
D) Distributed Network System

18. Which protocol is used for sending emails?

A) SMTP
B) HTTP
C) FTP
D) SNMP

19. What is the output of an AND gate when both inputs are 1?

A) 0
B) 1
C) Undefined
D) High Impedance

20. Which flip-flop is used to store a single bit of data?

A) JK Flip-Flop
B) T Flip-Flop
C) D Flip-Flop
D) SR Flip-Flop

21. Which HTML tag is used to define a hyperlink?

A)
B)
C)
D)

22. In CSS, which property is used to change the text color of an element?

A) font-color
B) color
C) text-color
D) style-color

23. What is the primary goal of blockchain technology?

A) Data compression
B) Cloud storage
C) Decentralized data integrity
D) Network speed optimization

24. Which technology is primarily associated with machine learning?

A) Artificial Intelligence
B) Virtual Reality
C) Blockchain
D) Quantum Computing

25. Which software development model follows a sequential approach?

A) Agile Model
B) Waterfall Model
C) Spiral Model
D) Scrum Model

26. What is the purpose of a use case diagram in software engineering?

A) To depict hardware components
B) To show data flow
C) To illustrate system interactions with actors
D) To define code structure

27. What is the primary purpose of a data flow diagram (DFD)?

A) To represent the flow of data in a system
B) To define hardware architecture
C) To illustrate object interactions
D) To manage project timelines

28. Which phase of system design involves defining system requirements?

A) Implementation
B) Analysis
C) Maintenance
D) Testing

29. What is the function of the ALU in a CPU?

A) Store data temporarily
B) Manage memory allocation
C) Perform arithmetic and logical operations
D) Control instruction flow

30. Which memory type is volatile and loses data when power is off?

A) RAM
B) ROM
C) Flash Memory
D) EEPROM

31. What is the output of a NOT gate when the input is 1?

A) 1
B) 0
C) High Impedance
D) Undefined

32. Which gate is equivalent to an AND gate followed by a NOT gate?

A) OR
B) XOR
C) NAND
D) NOR

33. What is the purpose of load balancing in system design?

A) Distribute traffic across multiple servers
B) Encrypt network traffic
C) Compress data for storage
D) Monitor system performance

34. Which design pattern ensures only one instance of a class is created?

A) Factory
B) Singleton
C) Observer
D) Adapter

35. Which model of computation is associated with finite automata?

A) Turing Machine
B) Pushdown Automata
C) Finite State Machine
D) Lambda Calculus

36. What is the significance of a regular language in theory of computation?

A) It can be recognized by a finite automaton
B) It requires a Turing machine
C) It is inherently recursive
D) It cannot be parsed

37. In networking, what does the term 'subnetting' refer to?

A) Encrypting network data
B) Dividing a network into smaller subnetworks
C) Routing packets to external networks
D) Assigning dynamic IP addresses

38. Which command in Linux is used to display the current directory?

A) pwd
B) ls
C) cd
D) dir

39. In a binary tree, what is the maximum number of nodes at level n?

A) n
B) 2n
C) 2^n
D) n^2

40. In C, what is the purpose of the 'volatile' keyword?

A) To make a variable constant
B) To indicate a variable may change unexpectedly
C) To allocate memory dynamically
D) To define a global variable

41. What does the SQL JOIN operation do?

A) Combines rows from two or more tables
B) Deletes rows from a table
C) Updates existing records
D) Creates a new table

42. In JavaScript, which method is used to add an element to the end of an array?

A) pop()
B) shift()
C) push()
D) unshift()

43. What is the purpose of a firewall in network security?

A) To increase network speed
B) To filter incoming and outgoing traffic
C) To assign IP addresses
D) To compress data packets

44. In digital electronics, what is a multiplexer?

A) A device that selects one of many inputs to a single output
B) A device that amplifies signals
C) A device that stores data
D) A device that decodes binary data

45. Which HTTP method is used to retrieve data from a server?

A) POST
B) PUT
C) GET
D) DELETE

46. What is the primary purpose of normalization in databases?

A) To increase data redundancy
B) To eliminate data redundancy
C) To increase query speed
D) To reduce database size

47. In software engineering, what is the purpose of version control systems?

A) To track changes in source code
B) To execute code automatically
C) To design user interfaces
D) To optimize database queries

48. What is the purpose of a cache in computer architecture?

A) To store permanent data
B) To execute instructions
C) To store frequently accessed data
D) To manage network traffic

49. In Python, what does the 'try-except' block handle?

A) Syntax errors
B) Runtime exceptions
C) Logical errors
D) Compilation errors

50. What is the purpose of the 'virtual' keyword in C++?

A) To enable polymorphism
B) To allocate memory
C) To define constants
D) To create static methods

51. In a relational database, what is a foreign key?

A) A primary key in the same table
B) A unique identifier for a record
C) A field that links to a primary key in another table
D) A field that stores temporary data

52. What does the acronym IoT stand for?

A) Internet of Technology
B) Internet of Things
C) Integrated Online Tools
D) Intelligent Operating Technology

53. In digital logic, what is the purpose of a decoder?

A) Converts binary input to a specific output line
B) Combines multiple inputs into one output
C) Stores binary data
D) Amplifies signals

54. Which protocol is used for secure file transfer?

A) FTP
B) HTTP
C) SFTP
D) SNMP

55. In software engineering, what is a sprint?

A) A testing phase
B) A time-boxed iteration in Agile
C) A deployment phase
D) A documentation phase

56. What is the purpose of pipelining in CPU architecture?

A) To increase instruction throughput
B) To reduce memory usage
C) To manage interrupts
D) To store data

57. In Python, which module is used for regular expressions?

A) math
B) sys
C) re
D) os

58. What is the purpose of a hash table in data structures?

A) To sort elements in order
B) To provide fast data retrieval
C) To store hierarchical data
D) To manage memory allocation

59. In networking, what does the term 'latency' refer to?

A) Delay in data transmission
B) Data encryption strength
C) Network bandwidth capacity
D) Packet loss rate

60. Which component in a CPU is responsible for fetching instructions?

A) ALU
B) Control Unit
C) Program Counter
D) Cache Memory

General Aptitude (40 Questions)

61. If A is B's brother and C is A's sister, then who is C to B?

A) Brother
B) Sister
C) Father
D) Mother

62. Find the next number in the sequence: 2, 4, 8, 16, ?

A) 20
B) 24
C) 32
D) 48

63. If all roses are flowers, and some flowers are red, then which statement is true?

A) Some roses may be red
B) All roses are red
C) All flowers are roses
D) No roses are red

64. If today is Monday, what day will it be after 100 days?

A) Sunday
B) Tuesday
C) Wednesday
D) Thursday

65. Choose the correct sentence:

A) She don't like to study.
B) She doesn't likes to study.
C) She doesn't like to study.
D) She don't likes to study.

66. What is the synonym of "abundant"?

A) Plentiful
B) Scarce
C) Limited
D) Rare

67. Identify the correct form of the verb: He ___ to the park every evening.

A) go
B) goes
C) going
D) gone

68. What is the antonym of "complex"?

A) Difficult
B) Complicated
C) Simple
D) Intricate

69. What is the capital city of India?

A) New Delhi
B) Mumbai
C) Kolkata
D) Chennai

70. Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

A) Jupiter
B) Mars
C) Venus
D) Mercury

71. Who is known as the Father of Computers?

A) Bill Gates
B) Steve Jobs
C) Charles Babbage
D) Alan Turing

72. What is the currency of Japan?

A) Yen
B) Won
C) Dollar
D) Euro

73. What does the acronym NASA stand for?

A) National Astronomy and Space Agency
B) National Aeronautics and Space Administration
C) National Aerospace and Science Association
D) National Aviation and Space Authority

74. Which country hosted the 2024 Summer Olympics?

A) Japan
B) Brazil
C) France
D) China

75. What is the primary source of energy for Earth's climate system?

A) Sun
B) Wind
C) Geothermal
D) Tides

76. Which organization is responsible for global public health?

A) UNESCO
B) WHO
C) UNICEF
D) WTO

77. If 5 cats catch 5 mice in 5 minutes, how many cats are needed to catch 100 mice in 100 minutes?

A) 10
B) 20
C) 5
D) 15

78. If the day after tomorrow is Wednesday, what day is today?

A) Monday
B) Tuesday
C) Sunday
D) Thursday

79. Find the odd one out: 3, 7, 11, 13, 17

A) 3
B) 7
C) 11
D) 13

80. If P is to Q as R is to S, then what is S if P=2, Q=4, R=6?

A) 8
B) 10
C) 12
D) 14

81. Choose the correct spelling:

A) Necessary
B) Neccessary
C) Necesary
D) Necassary

82. Fill in the blank: The book ___ on the table since yesterday.

A) is
B) has been
C) was
D) will be

83. What is the plural form of "child"?

A) Childs
B) Childes
C) Children
D) Childrens

84. Identify the correct sentence:

A) Neither of the boys is present.
B) Neither of the boys are present.
C) Neither of the boy is present.
D) Neither of the boys were present.

85. Which gas is most abundant in Earth's atmosphere?

A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon Dioxide
D) Argon

86. Who wrote the Indian National Anthem?

A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Rabindranath Tagore
D) Subhas Chandra Bose

87. What is the largest ocean in the world?

A) Pacific Ocean
B) Atlantic Ocean
C) Indian Ocean
D) Arctic Ocean

88. Which country is known as the Land of the Rising Sun?

A) China
B) Japan
C) South Korea
D) Thailand

89. What does the acronym AI stand for in technology?

A) Automated Intelligence
B) Advanced Integration
C) Artificial Intelligence
D) Algorithmic Interaction

90. Which country is the largest producer of coffee?

A) Brazil
B) Colombia
C) Ethiopia
D) Vietnam

91. What is the primary function of the United Nations?

A) Economic development
B) Maintain international peace and security
C) Space exploration
D) Global trade regulation

92. Which element is essential for human life and found in water?

A) Carbon
B) Nitrogen
C) Oxygen
D) Hydrogen

93. If 12 workers complete a task in 8 days, how many days will 6 workers take?

A) 16
B) 12
C) 10
D) 14

94. Find the next term in the series: A, C, I, I, ?

A) K
B) I
C) J
D) L

95. Choose the correct word: The meeting was ___ due to lack of quorum.

A) cancelled
B) cancel
C) postponed
D) postphone

96. What is the past tense of "run"?

A) Ran
B) Run
C) Running
D) Runned

97. Which mountain is the highest in the world?

A) K2
B) Mount Everest
C) Kangchenjunga
D) Lhotse

98. Who discovered penicillin?

A) Marie Curie
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Jonas Salk

99. What is the primary goal of the Paris Agreement?

A) Combat climate change
B) Promote global trade
C) Enhance cybersecurity
D) Improve education

100. Which country is known for the invention of the World Wide Web?

A) United States
B) United Kingdom
C) Germany
D) France

Test Results

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