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M.Sc. Cyber Security 2025 - NFAT Mock Test

NFAT Entrance Exam Mock Test for M.Sc. Cyber Security 2025

Technical Subjects (60 Questions)

1. Which protocol ensures secure communication over a computer network by using encryption?

A) HTTP
B) HTTPS
C) FTP
D) SNMP

2. What is the purpose of the ARP protocol in networking?

A) To route packets between networks
B) To encrypt data packets
C) To map IP addresses to MAC addresses
D) To manage network bandwidth

3. Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for error detection and correction?

A) Data Link Layer
B) Transport Layer
C) Network Layer
D) Application Layer

4. What is a deadlock in an operating system?

A) A process waiting for I/O completion
B) A situation where processes are unable to proceed due to resource contention
C) A process running in kernel mode
D) A memory overflow condition

5. Which scheduling algorithm selects the process with the shortest next CPU burst?

A) First-Come, First-Served
B) Round Robin
C) Shortest Job Next
D) Priority Scheduling

6. What is the time complexity of searching in a balanced binary search tree?

A) O(n)
B) O(n^2)
C) O(1)
D) O(log n)

7. Which data structure is used in breadth-first search of a graph?

A) Stack
B) Queue
C) Hash Table
D) Linked List

8. In x86 assembly, which instruction moves data from one register to another?

A) MOV
B) ADD
C) CMP
D) JMP

9. In Python, what is the output of the following code: `print(type([]))`?

A)
B)
C)
D)

10. In C++, what keyword is used to define a class?

A) struct
B) class
C) object
D) interface

11. What is the purpose of a primary key in a database?

A) To allow duplicate records
B) To store temporary data
C) To uniquely identify each record
D) To link multiple databases

12. What does DNS stand for in the context of internet technology?

A) Domain Name System
B) Dynamic Network Service
C) Data Naming Service
D) Distributed Network System

13. What is the output of an AND gate with inputs 1 and 0?

A) 1
B) 0
C) Undefined
D) Both 1 and 0

14. Which HTML tag is used to define a hyperlink?

A)
B)
C)
D)

15. What technology underpins most cryptocurrencies?

A) Cloud Computing
B) Blockchain
C) Artificial Intelligence
D) Quantum Computing

16. What is the primary goal of the Agile methodology?

A) Iterative and incremental development
B) Strict documentation and planning
C) Hardware optimization
D) Centralized control

17. What is a use case diagram used for in system analysis?

A) To design database schemas
B) To model hardware components
C) To represent interactions between actors and the system
D) To calculate system performance

18. What is the role of the ALU in a CPU?

A) To store data temporarily
B) To perform arithmetic and logical operations
C) To manage I/O operations
D) To control instruction flow

19. What is the output of a NOT gate with an input of 1?

A) 1
B) Undefined
C) Both 0 and 1
D) 0

20. What is the purpose of load balancing in system design?

A) To distribute workload across multiple servers
B) To encrypt network traffic
C) To compress data storage
D) To monitor system logs

21. Which of the following is a characteristic of a finite automaton?

A) Infinite memory
B) Can solve NP-hard problems
C) Finite number of states
D) Continuous state transitions

22. In Java, what is the purpose of the 'final' keyword?

A) To allow method overriding
B) To prevent modification of a variable or method
C) To define abstract classes
D) To enable garbage collection

23. Which data structure is best suited for implementing a LIFO system?

A) Stack
B) Queue
C) Tree
D) Graph

24. What is the purpose of the TCP protocol?

A) To resolve domain names
B) To transfer files
C) To ensure reliable data transmission
D) To compress network packets

25. In a relational database, what is a foreign key?

A) A key that encrypts data
B) A key that stores temporary data
C) A key that allows duplicate records
D) A key that refers to the primary key in another table

26. What is the role of a compiler in programming?

A) To execute code directly
B) To translate source code to machine code
C) To debug runtime errors
D) To manage memory allocation

27. Which CSS property is used to change the text color of an element?

A) color
B) font-color
C) text-style
D) text-color

28. What is the purpose of the 'volatile' keyword in C?

A) To allocate memory dynamically
B) To define constant variables
C) To indicate that a variable's value may change unexpectedly
D) To optimize loop execution

29. In a CPU, what does the acronym RISC stand for?

A) Rapid Instruction Set Computing
B) Reduced Instruction Set Computing
C) Reliable Instruction Set Computing
D) Recursive Instruction Set Computing

30. What is the purpose of normalization in a database?

A) To eliminate redundancy and ensure data integrity
B) To increase data redundancy
C) To compress database files
D) To encrypt database records

31. What is the purpose of a VPN in networking?

A) To increase network speed
B) To manage IP addresses
C) To create a secure connection over the internet
D) To compress network packets

32. In Python, what is the purpose of the `try-except` block?

A) To define a loop
B) To handle exceptions
C) To import modules
D) To define functions

33. Which protocol is used for sending emails?

A) SMTP
B) FTP
C) HTTP
D) DNS

34. In a binary tree, what is the maximum number of nodes at level n?

A) n
B) 2n
C) n^2
D) 2^n

35. What is the purpose of a firewall in network security?

A) To increase network speed
B) To filter incoming and outgoing network traffic
C) To compress data packets
D) To store network logs

36. In JavaScript, what does the `querySelector` method do?

A) Executes a database query
B) Modifies CSS styles
C) Selects an element from the DOM
D) Defines a new function

37. What is the primary function of an operating system's kernel?

A) To manage hardware resources
B) To design user interfaces
C) To compile source code
D) To encrypt network traffic

38. In SQL, which command is used to retrieve data from a database?

A) INSERT
B) SELECT
C) UPDATE
D) DELETE

39. What is the output of an XOR gate with inputs 1 and 1?

A) 1
B) Undefined
C) 0
D) Both 0 and 1

40. What is the purpose of the HTTP status code 404?

A) Resource not found
B) Server error
C) Unauthorized access
D) Successful request

41. In Python, what does the `len()` function do?

A) Converts a string to uppercase
B) Returns the length of an object
C) Defines a new list
D) Removes an element from a list

42. What is the purpose of a hash table?

A) To store sorted data
B) To implement a stack
C) To provide fast key-value pair lookups
D) To manage memory allocation

43. In networking, what does the acronym LAN stand for?

A) Local Area Network
B) Large Area Network
C) Logical Access Network
D) Linked Application Network

44. What is the purpose of the `super()` function in Python?

A) To create a new class
B) To call a method from a parent class
C) To define a static method
D) To initialize a loop

45. In digital electronics, what is a flip-flop used for?

A) To amplify signals
B) To filter noise
C) To store a single bit of data
D) To convert analog to digital signals

46. What is the purpose of the `git commit` command?

A) To save changes to the local repository
B) To push changes to a remote repository
C) To create a new branch
D) To merge branches

47. In a relational database, what does ACID stand for?

A) Access, Control, Integrity, Durability
B) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
C) Authentication, Consistency, Isolation, Data
D) Atomicity, Control, Integration, Data

48. What is the time complexity of inserting an element into a sorted array?

A) O(1)
B) O(log n)
C) O(n)
D) O(n^2)

49. In Java, what is an interface?

A) A contract for classes to implement
B) A class with only static methods
C) A type of exception
D) A method for memory management

50. What is the purpose of the OSI model?

A) To encrypt network traffic
B) To standardize network communication
C) To manage CPU scheduling
D) To optimize database queries

51. In C++, what is the purpose of the `virtual` keyword?

A) To define a constant variable
B) To allocate memory dynamically
C) To enable polymorphism
D) To initialize a class

52. What is the purpose of a subnet mask in networking?

A) To divide an IP address into network and host portions
B) To encrypt network traffic
C) To compress data packets
D) To resolve domain names

53. In Python, what does the `self` keyword represent?

A) A global variable
B) The instance of the class
C) A static method
D) A loop iterator

54. What is the purpose of a cache in computer architecture?

A) To store permanent data
B) To manage network traffic
C) To store frequently accessed data for faster retrieval
D) To encrypt memory contents

55. In SQL, what does the JOIN operation do?

A) Combines rows from two or more tables based on a condition
B) Deletes rows from a table
C) Updates existing records
D) Creates a new table

56. What is the purpose of the `chmod` command in Linux?

A) To change the file owner
B) To modify file permissions
C) To create a new file
D) To move files

57. In a binary search tree, where is the smallest element located?

A) Root node
B) Rightmost node
C) Leftmost node
D) Middle node

58. What does HTTP stand for?

A) HyperText Transfer Protocol
B) Hyperlink Text Protocol
C) High Transfer Protocol
D) HyperText Transport Protocol

59. In software engineering, what is a design pattern?

A) A specific programming language
B) A reusable solution to a common problem
C) A type of database schema
D) A hardware configuration

60. What is a Turing machine?

A) A physical computer
B) A database management system
C) A theoretical model of computation
D) A network protocol

General Aptitude (40 Questions)

61. If A is B's brother and B is C's sister, who is C to A?

A) Brother
B) Sister
C) Father
D) Mother

62. If the day after tomorrow is Wednesday, what day is today?

A) Monday
B) Tuesday
C) Sunday
D) Thursday

63. Choose the correct sentence:

A) She is going to the market.
B) She go to the market.
C) She gone to the market.
D) She going to the market.

64. What is the synonym of "happy"?

A) Sad
B) Joyful
C) Angry
D) Tired

65. What is the capital city of India?

A) Mumbai
B) Kolkata
C) New Delhi
D) Chennai

66. Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

A) Mars
B) Jupiter
C) Venus
D) Mercury

67. What is the primary source of energy for Earth's climate system?

A) Wind
B) Sun
C) Geothermal
D) Nuclear

68. If 5 + 3 = 8, then 7 + 4 = ?

A) 11
B) 12
C) 10
D) 9

69. Choose the correct form of the verb: He ___ to the gym every day.

A) go
B) goes
C) gone
D) going

70. What is the largest ocean in the world?

A) Atlantic Ocean
B) Indian Ocean
C) Pacific Ocean
D) Arctic Ocean

71. If the sequence is 2, 4, 6, 8, what is the next number?

A) 10
B) 12
C) 9
D) 11

72. What is the antonym of "big"?

A) Large
B) Small
C) Huge
D) Great

73. Who is known as the father of computers?

A) Bill Gates
B) Steve Jobs
C) Charles Babbage
D) Alan Turing

74. If all cats are animals, and some animals are dogs, are all cats dogs?

A) No
B) Yes
C) Maybe
D) Cannot be determined

75. Choose the correct sentence:

A) He don’t like to read.
B) He doesn’t like to read.
C) He not like to read.
D) He doesn’t likes to read.

76. What is the currency of Japan?

A) Dollar
B) Euro
C) Yen
D) Pound

77. If today is Monday, what day will it be in 10 days?

A) Thursday
B) Wednesday
C) Tuesday
D) Friday

78. What is the synonym of "difficult"?

A) Easy
B) Hard
C) Simple
D) Clear

79. Which country hosted the 2024 Summer Olympics?

A) Japan
B) Brazil
C) France
D) China

80. If 2x + 3 = 7, what is the value of x?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

81. Choose the correct form of the verb: They ___ playing football.

A) is
B) are
C) was
D) be

82. What is the chemical symbol for water?

A) O2
B) CO2
C) H2O
D) N2

83. If the sequence is 1, 3, 6, 10, what is the next number?

A) 15
B) 12
C) 14
D) 16

84. What is the antonym of "fast"?

A) Quick
B) Slow
C) Rapid
D) Swift

85. What is the longest river in the world?

A) Amazon
B) Nile
C) Mississippi
D) Yangtze

86. If A is taller than B, and B is taller than C, who is the tallest?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) Cannot be determined

87. Choose the correct sentence:

A) I has two cats.
B) I have two cats.
C) I having two cats.
D) I has two cat.

88. What is the capital of France?

A) London
B) Berlin
C) Paris
D) Rome

89. If 3x - 2 = 7, what is the value of x?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 2
D) 5

90. What is the synonym of "beautiful"?

A) Ugly
B) Lovely
C) Plain
D) Ordinary

91. What is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere?

A) Oxygen
B) Carbon Dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Hydrogen

92. If the sequence is 5, 10, 20, 40, what is the next number?

A) 80
B) 60
C) 100
D) 120

93. Choose the correct form of the verb: She ___ a book yesterday.

A) Reads
B) Read
C) Reading
D) Has read

94. What is the smallest country in the world?

A) Monaco
B) Liechtenstein
C) Vatican City
D) San Marino

95. If P is the mother of Q and Q is the father of R, who is R to P?

A) Daughter
B) Son
C) Husband
D) Father

96. What is the antonym of "hot"?

A) Warm
B) Cold
C) Boiling
D) Mild

97. What is the tallest mountain in the world?

A) K2
B) Kangchenjunga
C) Mount Everest
D) Lhotse

98. If 4x + 4 = 16, what is the value of x?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 2

99. Choose the correct sentence:

A) We was studying all night.
B) We were studying all night.
C) We is studying all night.
D) We studying all night.

100. What is the currency of the United States?

A) Euro
B) Pound
C) Dollar
D) Yen

Test Results

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