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M.Sc. Cyber Security - NFAT Mock Test

NFAT Entrance Exam Mock Test for M.Sc. Cyber Security 2025

Technical Subjects (60 Questions)

1. Which protocol ensures secure communication over a computer network by using encryption?

A) HTTP
B) HTTPS
C) FTP
D) SNMP

2. In the context of CIDR, what does the prefix /24 indicate?

A) 8 bits for the host
B) 16 bits for the network
C) 24 bits for the network
D) 32 bits for the host

3. What is the purpose of the TTL field in an IP packet?

A) To prevent packets from looping indefinitely
B) To encrypt packet data
C) To prioritize packet delivery
D) To compress packet size

4. Which attack exploits the trust between a client and a server to hijack a session?

A) Phishing
B) Session Hijacking
C) SQL Injection
D) Brute Force

5. Which networking device uses MAC addresses to forward data within a LAN?

A) Router
B) Hub
C) Switch
D) Gateway

6. What does NAT stand for in networking?

A) Network Address Translation
B) Network Access Token
C) Node Authentication Table
D) Network Analysis Tool

7. In Linux, which command is used to terminate a process by its PID?

A) stop
B) kill
C) end
D) exit

8. What is the role of the kernel in an operating system?

A) Manages user interfaces
B) Executes application code
C) Manages system resources
D) Compresses files

9. Which scheduling algorithm prioritizes processes with the shortest burst time?

A) Shortest Job First
B) Round Robin
C) First Come First Serve
D) Priority Scheduling

10. In Linux, what does the command 'grep' do?

A) Copies files
B) Searches for patterns in files
C) Lists directory contents
D) Changes file ownership

11. What is the time complexity of inserting an element into a balanced binary search tree?

A) O(n)
B) O(n^2)
C) O(log n)
D) O(1)

12. Which data structure is used to implement a hash table?

A) Stack
B) Array
C) Queue
D) Tree

13. What is the worst-case time complexity of QuickSort?

A) O(n^2)
B) O(n log n)
C) O(n)
D) O(log n)

14. Which data structure is best for implementing an undo feature in a text editor?

A) Queue
B) Tree
C) Stack
D) Graph

15. In x86 assembly, which instruction is used to push a value onto the stack?

A) POP
B) PUSH
C) MOV
D) CALL

16. What does the INT instruction do in assembly language?

A) Triggers a software interrupt
B) Increments a register
C) Initializes memory
D) Compares two values

17. What is the output of the C code: int x = 5; printf("%d", ++x);?

A) 5
B) 6
C) 4
D) Undefined

18. In Python, what is the purpose of the 'lambda' keyword?

A) To define a class
B) To create a loop
C) To create an anonymous function
D) To import modules

19. In C++, what is the output of: cout << (5 > 3 ? 10 : 20);?

A) 10
B) 20
C) 5
D) 3

20. In Java, what is the purpose of the 'synchronized' keyword?

A) To define a constant
B) To ensure thread safety
C) To allocate memory
D) To optimize code

21. In Python, what does the 'with' statement do when opening a file?

A) Automatically closes the file
B) Locks the file for writing
C) Compresses the file
D) Encrypts the file

22. In C, what happens if you dereference a null pointer?

A) Returns 0
B) Returns a random value
C) Causes a segmentation fault
D) Allocates memory

23. Which SQL clause is used to filter grouped data?

A) HAVING
B) WHERE
C) GROUP BY
D) ORDER BY

24. What is a foreign key in a relational database?

A) A unique identifier for a table
B) A field that references a primary key in another table
C) A field that stores encrypted data
D) A field that indexes data

25. Which normal form eliminates transitive dependencies?

A) First Normal Form
B) Second Normal Form
C) Third Normal Form
D) Boyce-Codd Normal Form

26. In SQL, what does the JOIN operation do?

A) Combines rows from two or more tables
B) Deletes rows from a table
C) Updates rows in a table
D) Creates a new table

27. What is the purpose of a reverse proxy?

A) To forward client requests to the internet
B) To distribute incoming requests to backend servers
C) To encrypt client data
D) To cache client requests

28. Which protocol is used to retrieve emails from a mail server?

A) IMAP
B) SMTP
C) HTTP
D) FTP

29. What does TLS stand for in internet security?

A) Transport Layer Service
B) Transport Layer Security
C) Transmission Link Security
D) Trusted Layer Service

30. What is the output of an XOR gate with inputs A=1 and B=1?

A) 1
B) 0
C) Undefined
D) Both 0 and 1

31. What is the purpose of a register in digital electronics?

A) To store temporary data
B) To amplify signals
C) To route signals
D) To generate clock pulses

32. What does a demultiplexer do in digital electronics?

A) Combines multiple inputs into one output
B) Amplifies input signals
C) Routes a single input to multiple outputs
D) Stores binary data

33. In digital electronics, what is a combinational circuit?

A) A circuit with memory elements
B) A circuit whose output depends only on current inputs
C) A circuit that stores data
D) A circuit that generates clock signals

34. Which HTML attribute specifies an alternative text for an image?

A) alt
B) src
C) href
D) title

35. Which CSS property is used to create a responsive layout?

A) font-family
B) flex
C) border
D) margin

36. In JavaScript, what does the 'map' method do?

A) Removes elements from an array
B) Filters elements in an array
C) Creates a new array with transformed elements
D) Sorts an array

37. Which JavaScript event is triggered when a user clicks an element?

A) onclick
B) onhover
C) onsubmit
D) onload

38. Which technology enables decentralized applications (DApps)?

A) Cloud Computing
B) Machine Learning
C) Blockchain
D) IoT

39. Which Python library is used for machine learning?

A) Requests
B) Scikit-learn
C) Flask
D) Django

40. What is the primary use of Docker in software development?

A) Containerization of applications
B) Code compilation
C) Database management
D) Network monitoring

41. Which software development methodology emphasizes iterative development?

A) Agile
B) Waterfall
C) V-Model
D) RAD

42. What is the purpose of a UML diagram in software engineering?

A) To write code
B) To model system structure and behavior
C) To execute programs
D) To manage databases

43. What is a code review in software engineering?

A) Writing new code
B) Compiling code
C) Inspecting code for quality and correctness
D) Optimizing code

44. What does CI/CD stand for in DevOps?

A) Continuous Integration, Continuous Development
B) Continuous Integration, Continuous Deployment
C) Code Integration, Code Deployment
D) Continuous Inspection, Continuous Delivery

45. What is the purpose of a data flow diagram (DFD)?

A) To represent data movement in a system
B) To design database schemas
C) To write code
D) To encrypt data

46. What is cohesion in system design?

A) The degree to which modules are independent
B) The degree to which a module performs a single function
C) The degree to which modules share data
D) The degree to which modules are reusable

47. What is the purpose of a feasibility study in system analysis?

A) To write code
B) To design interfaces
C) To assess project viability
D) To test software

48. What is pipelining in CPU design?

A) Sequential execution of instructions
B) Overlapping execution of instructions
C) Encrypting instructions
D) Storing instructions

49. What is the purpose of the program counter in a CPU?

A) To store the address of the next instruction
B) To store data temporarily
C) To perform arithmetic operations
D) To manage I/O operations

50. What is the von Neumann bottleneck?

A) Limited CPU speed
B) Limited memory size
C) Shared bus for data and instructions
D) Limited I/O bandwidth

51. What is the simplified form of the Boolean expression AB + A(B+C) + B(B+C)?

A) A + B
B) A + B + C
C) AB + C
D) ABC

52. What is the output of a NAND gate with inputs A=1 and B=1?

A) 0
B) 1
C) Undefined
D) Both 0 and 1

53. Which language is accepted by a pushdown automaton?

A) Context-Free Language
B) Regular Language
C) Context-Sensitive Language
D) Recursively Enumerable Language

54. What is the halting problem in the context of Turing Machines?

A) Determining the speed of a Turing Machine
B) Determining if a Turing Machine will stop
C) Determining the memory usage of a Turing Machine
D) Determining the output of a Turing Machine

55. In Python, what is the output of: x = [1, 2, 3]; print(x[-1])?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) Error

56. In Java, what is the purpose of the 'transient' keyword?

A) To exclude a variable from serialization
B) To make a variable constant
C) To allocate memory
D) To define a static variable

57. In C++, what is the output of: int x = 10; cout << x << endl; x = x++ + ++x; cout << x;?

A) 10, 22
B) Undefined behavior
C) 10, 21
D) 10, 23

58. In Python, which module is used for network programming?

A) socket
B) os
C) sys
D) math

59. What is a man-in-the-middle attack in network security?

A) Brute-forcing passwords
B) Intercepting communication between two parties
C) Overloading a server
D) Injecting malicious code

60. In HTML, which tag is used to define a form?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Reasoning, English Grammar, General Knowledge, and General Awareness (40 Questions)

61. If P is Q’s sister, R is Q’s mother, and S is P’s father, how is S related to R?

A) Son
B) Husband
C) Brother
D) Father

62. Find the missing number: 3, 8, 18, 38, ?

A) 68
B) 78
C) 78
D) 88

63. If BAT is coded as 321, how is ELF coded?

A) 512
B) 521
C) 215
D) 251

64. In a certain code, SUN is written as TVO. How is MOON written?

A) NQPO
B) NPPO
C) NQQP
D) NQPP

65. If today is Monday, what day will it be after 15 days?

A) Tuesday
B) Wednesday
C) Sunday
D) Monday

66. If 6 books cost 180 rupees, how much will 10 books cost?

A) 280 rupees
B) 300 rupees
C) 320 rupees
D) 360 rupees

67. In a group of 6 people, how many handshakes occur if each shakes hands with every other person once?

A) 12
B) 18
C) 15
D) 20

68. If X is taller than Y, and Z is shorter than Y, who is the tallest?

A) Y
B) X
C) Z
D) Cannot determine

69. In a certain code, KING is written as LJOH. How is QUEEN written?

A) RUFFO
B) RVFFP
C) RVFFO
D) RUFFP

70. In a certain code, STAR is written as UVBS. How is PLANET written?

A) QMBODU
B) QNBOEU
C) QMBODV
D) QNBOEV

71. Identify the grammatically correct sentence:

A) They are studying for their exams.
B) They is studying for their exams.
C) They studies for their exams.
D) They studying for their exams.

72. Fill in the blank: The project was ___ due to unforeseen issues.

A) completed
B) delayed
C) initiated
D) canceled

73. Choose the correct form of the verb: He ___ to the gym every morning.

A) goes
B) go
C) going
D) gone

74. Choose the word most similar in meaning to “Eloquent”:

A) Silent
B) Articulate
C) Confused
D) Reserved

75. Choose the word that is opposite in meaning to “Fast”:

A) Quick
B) Rapid
C) Slow
D) Swift

76. Identify the error: She write code every day.

A) She
B) write
C) code
D) day

77. Choose the correct form of the verb: I ___ finished my homework.

A) have
B) has
C) had been
D) having

78. Choose the correctly spelled word:

A) Occurence
B) Occurrence
C) Ocurrance
D) Occurance

79. Choose the correct preposition: He is proficient ___ programming.

A) in
B) at
C) on
D) with

80. Choose the correct article: ___ moon is visible tonight.

A) A
B) An
C) The
D) No article

81. Who is known as the “Father of the Nation” in India?

A) B.R. Ambedkar
B) Mahatma Gandhi
C) Jawaharlal Nehru
D) Sardar Patel

82. What is the capital city of Brazil?

A) Brasília
B) Rio de Janeiro
C) São Paulo
D) Salvador

83. Which planet is known as the “Gas Giant”?

A) Mars
B) Venus
C) Jupiter
D) Mercury

84. What is the currency of South Korea?

A) Yen
B) Won
C) Yuan
D) Ringgit

85. Which country is hosting the 2028 Summer Olympics?

A) France
B) Japan
C) United States
D) Australia

86. What does NASA stand for?

A) National Aeronautics and Space Agency
B) National Aeronautics and Space Administration
C) National Aerospace and Science Administration
D) National Astronomy and Space Agency

87. What is the smallest continent by land area?

A) Australia
B) Antarctica
C) Europe
D) South America

88. Which gas is responsible for the greenhouse effect?

A) Nitrogen
B) Oxygen
C) Carbon Dioxide
D) Argon

89. What is the chemical symbol for silver?

A) Au
B) Ag
C) Fe
D) Cu

90. Which organization promotes international trade?

A) WHO
B) UNESCO
C) WTO
D) UNICEF

91. What is the highest mountain in the world?

A) K2
B) Mount Everest
C) Kangchenjunga
D) Lhotse

92. Which Indian state is known as the “Spice Garden of India”?

A) Kerala
B) Tamil Nadu
C) Karnataka
D) Andhra Pradesh

93. Who wrote the Indian national song “Vande Mataram”?

A) Rabindranath Tagore
B) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
C) Sarojini Naidu
D) Subhas Chandra Bose

94. Which is a non-renewable source of energy?

A) Wind Energy
B) Coal
C) Hydropower
D) Solar Energy

95. Choose the word that best completes the sentence: The book was so ___ that I couldn’t put it down.

A) captivating
B) boring
C) dull
D) tedious

96. Choose the word that is opposite in meaning to “Strong”:

A) Powerful
B) Robust
C) Weak
D) Sturdy

97. Choose the correct sentence:

A) She has been working here for five years.
B) She have been working here for five years.
C) She is been working here for five years.
D) She been working here for five years.

98. If the sequence is 2, 6, 12, 20, what is the next term?

A) 28
B) 30
C) 30
D) 32

99. If 5 workers can complete a task in 10 days, how many days will 10 workers take?

A) 4 days
B) 5 days
C) 8 days
D) 10 days

100. Fill in the blank: The stars ___ at night.

A) shine
B) shines
C) shining
D) shone

Test Results

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