M.Sc. Clinical Psychology - NFAT Mock Test

NFAT Entrance Exam Mock Test for M.Sc. Clinical Psychology 2025

General Psychology (50 Questions)

1. Who developed the concept of operant conditioning?

A) Ivan Pavlov

B) B.F. Skinner

C) Carl Rogers

D) Jean Piaget

2. What is the term for the mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding?

A) Perception

B) Sensation

C) Cognition

D) Motivation

3. Which part of the brain is associated with auditory processing?

A) Frontal lobe

B) Parietal lobe

C) Occipital lobe

D) Temporal lobe

4. In Maslow’s hierarchy, which need comes immediately after physiological needs?

A) Safety needs

B) Esteem needs

C) Belongingness needs

D) Self-actualization

5. Which theory focuses on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states?

A) Psychoanalytic theory

B) Humanistic theory

C) Behavioral theory

D) Cognitive theory

6. What is the term for a typical example of a category or concept?

A) Schema

B) Heuristic

C) Stereotype

D) Prototype

7. Which neurotransmitter is linked to reward and pleasure?

A) Serotonin

B) Dopamine

C) Acetylcholine

D) GABA

8. What is the focus of humanistic psychology?

A) Personal growth and free will

B) Unconscious conflicts

C) Observable behaviors

D) Cognitive processes

9. Which stage of Erikson’s theory occurs in young adulthood?

A) Identity vs. Role Confusion

B) Industry vs. Inferiority

C) Trust vs. Mistrust

D) Intimacy vs. Isolation

10. What is the term for redirecting emotions to a less threatening target?

A) Projection

B) Displacement

C) Repression

D) Denial

11. What motivates behavior according to arousal theory?

A) External rewards

B) Biological instincts

C) Optimal arousal levels

D) Social pressures

12. Which memory system holds information for about 20-30 seconds?

A) Short-term memory

B) Sensory memory

C) Long-term memory

D) Implicit memory

13. What is the term for a stimulus that elicits a learned response?

A) Unconditioned stimulus

B) Conditioned stimulus

C) Neutral stimulus

D) Reflexive stimulus

14. Which psychologist proposed the concept of archetypes?

A) Carl Jung

B) Sigmund Freud

C) Abraham Maslow

D) Albert Bandura

15. What is the term for the tendency to recall the last items in a list?

A) Primacy effect

B) Recency effect

C) Halo effect

D) Serial position effect

16. What is the term for the process of detecting environmental stimuli?

A) Sensation

B) Perception

C) Attention

D) Cognition

17. Which theory emphasizes modeling and imitation in learning?

A) Classical conditioning

B) Operant conditioning

C) Cognitive dissonance

D) Social learning theory

18. What is the term for seeking information that supports existing beliefs?

A) Cognitive dissonance

B) Confirmation bias

C) Attribution error

D) Stereotyping

19. Which part of the brain processes sensory information like touch?

A) Frontal lobe

B) Temporal lobe

C) Parietal lobe

D) Occipital lobe

20. What is the term for a response naturally triggered by a stimulus?

A) Unconditioned response

B) Conditioned response

C) Neutral response

D) Reflexස System:

NFAT Entrance Exam Mock Test for M.Sc. Clinical Psychology 2025

General Psychology (50 Questions)

1. Who developed the concept of operant conditioning?

A) Ivan Pavlov

B) B.F. Skinner

C) Carl Rogers

D) Jean Piaget

2. What is the term for the mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding?

A) Perception

B) Sensation

C) Cognition

D) Motivation

3. Which part of the brain is associated with auditory processing?

A) Frontal lobe

B) Parietal lobe

C) Occipital lobe

D) Temporal lobe

4. In Maslow’s hierarchy, which need comes immediately after physiological needs?

A) Safety needs

B) Esteem needs

C) Belongingness needs

D) Self-actualization

5. Which theory focuses on observable behaviors rather than internal mental states?

A) Psychoanalytic theory

B) Humanistic theory

C) Behavioral theory

D) Cognitive theory

6. What is the term for a typical example of a category or concept?

A) Schema

B) Heuristic

C) Stereotype

D) Prototype

7. Which neurotransmitter is linked to reward and pleasure?

A) Serotonin

B) Dopamine

C) Acetylcholine

D) GABA

8. What is the focus of humanistic psychology?

A) Personal growth and free will

B) Unconscious conflicts

C) Observable behaviors

D) Cognitive processes

9. Which stage of Erikson’s theory occurs in young adulthood?

A) Identity vs. Role Confusion

B) Industry vs. Inferiority

C) Trust vs. Mistrust

D) Intimacy vs. Isolation

10. What is the term for redirecting emotions to a less threatening target?

A) Projection

B) Displacement

C) Repression

D) Denial

11. What motivates behavior according to arousal theory?

A) External rewards

B) Biological instincts

C) Optimal arousal levels

D) Social pressures

12. Which memory system holds information for about 20-30 seconds?

A) Short-term memory

B) Sensory memory

C) Long-term memory

D) Implicit memory

13. What is the term for a stimulus that elicits a learned response?

A) Unconditioned stimulus

B) Conditioned stimulus

C) Neutral stimulus

D) Reflexive stimulus

14. Which psychologist proposed the concept of archetypes?

A) Carl Jung

B) Sigmund Freud

C) Abraham Maslow

D) Albert Bandura

15. What is the term for the tendency to recall the last items in a list?

A) Primacy effect

B) Recency effect

C) Halo effect

D) Serial position effect

16. What is the term for the process of detecting environmental stimuli?

A) Sensation

B) Perception

C) Attention

D) Cognition

17. Which theory emphasizes modeling and imitation in learning?

A) Classical conditioning

B) Operant conditioning

C) Cognitive dissonance

D) Social learning theory

18. What is the term for seeking information that supports existing beliefs?

A) Cognitive dissonance

B) Confirmation bias

C) Attribution error

D) Stereotyping

19. Which part of the brain processes sensory information like touch?

A) Frontal lobe

B) Temporal lobe

C) Parietal lobe

D) Occipital lobe

20. What is the term for a response naturally triggered by a stimulus?

A) Unconditioned response

B) Conditioned response

C) Neutral response

D) Reflexive stimulus

21. Which personality theory focuses on five major traits, including extraversion?

A) Psychoanalytic theory

B) Behavioral theory

C) Humanistic theory

D) Five-factor model

22. What is the term for the tendency to overestimate situational influences on behavior?

A) Fundamental attribution error

B) Self-serving bias

C) Actor-observer bias

D) Confirmation bias

23. Which stage of Piaget’s theory involves egocentrism?

A) Preoperational

B) Sensorimotor

C) Concrete operational

D) Formal operational

24. What is the term for a systematic approach to problem-solving?

A) Heuristic

B) Algorithm

C) Insight

D) Trial and error

25. Which hormone is associated with bonding and trust?

A) Cortisol

B) Serotonin

C) Dopamine

D) Oxytocin

26. What is the term for the process of organizing sensory information?

A) Sensation

B) Perception

C) Attention

D) Encoding

27. Which theory suggests behavior is driven by external rewards?

A) Intrinsic motivation

B) Drive reduction theory

C) Extrinsic motivation

D) Arousal theory

28. What is the term for improved performance in the presence of others?

A) Social facilitation

B) Social loafing

C) Conformity

D) Obedience

29. Which psychologist developed the concept of cognitive development stages?

A) B.F. Skinner

B) Sigmund Freud

C) Jean Piaget

D) Carl Rogers

30. What is the term for attributing success to oneself and failure to external factors?

A) Fundamental attribution error

B) Confirmation bias

C) Self-serving bias

D) Halo effect

31. Which part of the brain regulates balance and coordination?

A) Hippocampus

B) Thalamus

C) Cerebellum

D) Amygdala

32. What is the term for removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior?

A) Positive reinforcement

B) Negative reinforcement

C) Punishment

D) Extinction

33. Which theory emphasizes unconscious drives and early experiences?

A) Behavioral theory

B) Psychoanalytic theory

C) Humanistic theory

D) Cognitive theory

34. What is the term for forgetting due to new information?

A) Interference

B) Decay

C) Amnesia

D) Repression

35. Which psychologist developed cognitive behavioral therapy?

A) Carl Rogers

B) Sigmund Freud

C) Albert Bandura

D) Aaron Beck

36. What is the term for a mental representation of a typical category member?

A) Schema

B) Heuristic

C) Stereotype

D) Prototype

37. Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?

A) Autonomic nervous system

B) Somatic nervous system

C) Central nervous system

D) Peripheral nervous system

38. What is the term for reduced effort in a group setting?

A) Social facilitation

B) Social loafing

C) Conformity

D) Normative influence

39. Which stage of Freud’s psychosexual development occurs around ages 3-6?

A) Oral stage

B) Anal stage

C) Phallic stage

D) Latency stage

40. What is the term for focusing on multiple stimuli simultaneously?

A) Selective attention

B) Perception

C) Sensation

D) Divided attention

41. Which theory explains learning through association of stimuli?

A) Operant conditioning

B) Classical conditioning

C) Social learning theory

D) Cognitive dissonance

42. What is the term for negative behavior toward a group based on stereotypes?

A) Discrimination

B) Prejudice

C) Stereotyping

D) Ingroup bias

43. Which part of the brain regulates hunger and thirst?

A) Amygdala

B) Hippocampus

C) Cerebellum

D) Hypothalamus

44. What is the term for the reappearance of an extinguished response?

A) Generalization

B) Discrimination

C) Extinction

D) Spontaneous recovery

45. Which psychologist is known for the concept of self-actualization?

A) Sigmund Freud

B) Abraham Maslow

C) B.F. Skinner

D) Carl Jung

46. What is the term for negative attitudes toward a group?

A) Stereotyping

B) Prejudice

C) Discrimination

D) Ingroup bias

47. Which type of memory stores general knowledge and facts?

A) Episodic memory

B) Procedural memory

C) Semantic memory

D) Sensory memory

48. What is the term for excessive agreement in group decision-making?

A) Conformity

B) Groupthink

C) Social loafing

D) Obedience

49. Which part of the brain is involved in fear responses?

A) Thalamus

B) Hypothalamus

C) Amygdala

D) Cerebellum

50. What is the term for the process of converting information into memory?

A) Encoding

B) Storage

C) Retrieval

D) Perception

Research Methodology and Statistics (50 Questions)

51. What is the purpose of a placebo group in an experiment?

A) To manipulate the dependent variable

B) To increase sample size

C) To control for placebo effects

D) To select participants

52. What type of study examines different groups at a single point in time?

A) Cross-sectional

B) Longitudinal

C) Experimental

D) Correlational

53. What does a p-value greater than 0.05 typically indicate?

A) Statistical significance

B) Practical significance

C) Lack of statistical significance

D) Sampling error

54. Which measure of central tendency is least affected by extreme values?

A) Mean

B) Median

C) Mode

D) Midrange

55. What is the purpose of random sampling in research?

A) To manipulate variables

B) To increase sample size

C) To ensure representativeness

D) To measure variables

56. Which type of validity refers to the appearance of measuring what is intended?

A) Construct validity

B) Internal validity

C) External validity

D) Face validity

57. What is a Type II error in hypothesis testing?

A) Rejecting a true null hypothesis

B) Failing to reject a false null hypothesis

C) Accepting a true null hypothesis

D) Rejecting a false alternative hypothesis

58. Which statistical test is used to compare variances between groups?

A) T-test

B) F-test

C) Chi-square test

D) ANOVA

59. What is the term for the variable affected by the independent variable?

A) Dependent variable

B) Independent variable

C) Control variable

D) Confounding variable

60. Which sampling method selects groups rather than individuals?

A) Simple random sampling

B) Stratified sampling

C) Convenience sampling

D) Cluster sampling

61. What is the purpose of a theoretical framework in research?

A) To collect data

B) To guide research questions

C) To analyze results

D) To select participants

62. What does a correlation coefficient of +0.9 indicate?

A) No relationship

B) Weak positive relationship

C) Weak negative relationship

D) Strong positive relationship

63. Which research method involves observing behavior in natural settings?

A) Survey

B) Naturalistic observation

C) Experiment

D) Case study

64. What is the term for a variable held constant in an experiment?

A) Control variable

B) Independent variable

C) Dependent variable

D) Confounding variable

65. Which measure of variability uses the middle 50% of data?

A) Standard deviation

B) Variance

C) Range

D) Interquartile range

66. What is the term for a study manipulating variables to establish cause?

A) Experimental study

B) Observational study

C) Correlational study

D) Descriptive study

67. What is the purpose of a single-blind study?

A) To increase sample size

B) To select participants

C) To analyze data

D) To reduce participant bias

68. Which statistical test examines relationships between continuous variables?

A) Chi-square test

B) T-test

C) ANOVA

D) Correlation

69. What is a Type I error in hypothesis testing?

A) Rejecting a true null hypothesis

B) Failing to reject a false null hypothesis

C) Accepting a true null hypothesis

D) Rejecting a false alternative hypothesis

70. Which sampling method ensures proportional representation of subgroups?

A) Simple random sampling

B) Convenience sampling

C) Stratified sampling

D) Cluster sampling

71. What is the term for the accuracy of a measurement tool?

A) Validity

B) Reliability

C) Generalizability

D) Bias

72. What type of study tracks the same group over an extended period?

A) Cross-sectional

B) Longitudinal

C) Experimental

D) Case study

73. What does a correlation coefficient of 0 indicate?

A) No relationship

B) Strong positive relationship

C) Strong negative relationship

D) Weak relationship

74. What is the term for a variable that distorts experimental results?

A) Control variable

B) Independent variable

C) Dependent variable

D) Confounding variable

75. Which statistical test compares means of two related groups?

A) Independent t-test

B) Paired t-test

C) ANOVA

D) Chi-square test

76. What is the term for the applicability of results to other settings?

A) External validity

B) Internal validity

C) Construct validity

D) Face validity

77. What is the purpose of a feasibility study?

A) To collect final data

B) To publish findings

C) To assess study practicality

D) To analyze results

78. Which measure of variability is the square root of variance?

A) Range

B) Interquartile range

C) Standard deviation

D) Mode

79. What is the term for a hypothesis predicting a specific relationship?

A) Null hypothesis

B) Alternative hypothesis

C) Directional hypothesis

D) Non-directional hypothesis

80. Which research method collects data through structured questions?

A) Experiment

B) Case study

C) Observation

D) Survey

81. What is the term for ensuring cause-and-effect conclusions?

A) External validity

B) Internal validity

C) Construct validity

D) Face validity

82. Which statistical measure quantifies data spread?

A) Mean

B) Median

C) Variance

D) Mode

83. What is the term for selecting participants based on specific traits?

A) Random sampling

B) Cluster sampling

C) Stratified sampling

D) Purposive sampling

84. What is the purpose of a research question?

A) To summarize findings

B) To guide the study’s focus

C) To select participants

D) To analyze data

85. Which statistical test compares means across multiple groups?

A) T-test

B) Chi-square test

C) ANOVA

D) Regression

86. What is the term for a sample representing the population?

A) Representative sample

B) Biased sample

C) Convenience sample

D) Cluster sample

87. What is the purpose of blinding in experiments?

A) To increase sample size

B) To select participants

C) To analyze data

D) To minimize bias

88. Which measure of central tendency is the average?

A) Median

B) Mean

C) Mode

D) Midrange

89. What is the term for the group not receiving the experimental treatment?

A) Experimental group

B) Placebo group

C) Control group

D) Comparison group

90. Which research aims to establish relationships without manipulation?

A) Experimental research

B) Descriptive research

C) Correlational research

D) Longitudinal research

91. What is the term for asymmetry in a data distribution?

A) Kurtosis

B) Skewness

C) Variability

D) Central tendency

92. What is the purpose of debriefing in research?

A) To select participants

B) To inform participants post-study

C) To collect data

D) To analyze results

93. Which statistical test analyzes frequency data?

A) T-test

B) ANOVA

C) Regression

D) Chi-square test

94. What is the term for a study analyzing multiple studies?

A) Case study

B) Meta-analysis

C) Longitudinal study

D) Cross-sectional study

95. What is the term for the average squared deviation from the mean?

A) Standard deviation

B) Range

C) Variance

D) Interquartile range

96. Which research design uses pre-existing groups?

A) True experimental design

B) Longitudinal design

C) Quasi-experimental design

D) Cross-sectional design

97. What is the term for the most frequent value in a dataset?

A) Mean

B) Median

C) Mode

D) Midrange

98. What is the purpose of a null hypothesis?

A) To predict a relationship

B) To summarize findings

C) To assume no effect

D) To select participants

99. Which type of bias occurs when participants respond inaccurately?

A) Selection bias

B) Observer bias

C) Response bias

D) Measurement bias

100. What is the ethical principle of protecting participant information?

A) Beneficence

B) Confidentiality

C) Informed consent

D) Justice

Test Results